Improvement in apparatus for circulation of fluids for heating purposes



4 SheetS-Sheet 1.

0R HEATING T. F. ROWLAND. APPARATUS FOR CIRC'Q'LATION 0F FLUIDS F Patented Jury 1o, 1877.

PURPOSES.

N.PETERS, PHOTO-LITHUGRAPHEH, WASHINGTON, D C.

4S1'1eetS-Sh'eet 2. T. F. ROWLAND. APPARATUS FOR CIPCULATION OF FLUIDSFQR HEATING y PURPOSES. No. 192,938, Patented J'1y10,18'.77.

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N.PTERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D, C.

4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

T. RoWLAND. A 1 APPARATUS FOR CIRCULATION OF FLUIDS FOR HEATING.

' PURPOSES.

No( 192,938. Patentea'lruly 1o, 18.77.

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N, PETERS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAPMEH, WASHINGTON, D C.

4S11eetS-Sheet4. `T.F. R0WLI^.NIJ. APPARATUS Ton CIRCULATION oF TLUIIIS Ton HEATING PURPOSES.l No. 192,938. PaIenIeaIIuIy yI o, 1877.

Y I /Wf//ra/f @fama/s @MMM/df l UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THoMAslE. EowLAND, on NEw YORK, N. Y.

SIMPROV'EMENT l-NiAPPARATUS `FOR CIRCULATION OF FLUIDS FOR HEATING PURPOSES.

Speciication'forming par-t cf Letters Patent No.` 192,938, dated July llO, 18777;` application `tiled To all whomit may concern:

`Be it known that I, Encinas ll." RowrANn,

of the city of New York, State of New York, f

have invented a newan'd useful Improvement in 'Circulating Apparatus, of whichthefollow- E ing is a specification:

1t is very important in heating buildings and othersimilar operations' toobtain a thori o ngh circulation of the iiuid `-whi-ch is used,`

whether it lbe steam or water, through the radiatin g apparatus, and also a thorough contact* with the radiating surface.

Many attempts have 'been 'beforenow made to accomplish these results, but the only one one which haspracticallybeen successful in causing the heating medium to rtraverse theentire circulatingapparatus is'that in 'which'` a continuous coil of pipe is used. This is an expensive apparatus, and one very difficult to repair after it gets out of order, which frequently happens with this class of apparatus, owingto the bursting of 'thepipes .It is `desirable, therefore, to rnakean apparatus in which double concentric pipes or tubes, so arranged that the circulating medium passes in succes sion through the inner and outer pipes,where by a `complete circulation through all the parts ofthe apparatus is obtained.

vertical cross-section of my apparatus.

throughthe tube A.. Figs. '3 and 4 are horizontal cross-sections through thetube-separating partitions.

In this apparatus the steam passes through each ofthe inner and outer tubes in `succession, and at a different period of `its circulation.

Figs. 5 and 6 represent similar sections, through an apparatus in which the circulating medium passes simultaneously through a set of four tubes, and then through the next set of four.

The base of my apparatus, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3,' and 4, consists, primarily, of three horizontal partitions, which I shall letter m,

ln,-and\`o,jm `being the top partition, and o the Iibottom partition. `These partitions are .continuous, excepting where thetubes are insert- .e

There are also twofsets of vertical partitions, representedfin sectionat Figs. 3 and 4.. p, pf, `dto., Fig. l3,Vrepresent the verticalfpartitions between the horizontalV partitions n `and -o.

The partitions rv, Fig. 4, represent the upper :set of partitions extending vertically between the horizontal partitions mV and n, and are shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3.l

It must al-waysbe borne in mind that there is a horizontal partition, n, between and separating the partitions p, Fig. 3, andthe partitions n, Fig. 4.

:The inner tubes lin-my apparatus are all set or screwed into the middle partition n, while the outer surrounding tubes,.which make an gannular space between l themselves andthe inner tubes, yare screwed into the upper partition m. f l

The steam, entering at the tube B, Figrl, as represented -by `the arrows, is prevented by the partition p` from `escaping llatera-lly `between the partitions n and o, and, therefore,

passes `up `the inn'erlV tube a, the `upper `end of wlri'clris open. .llt `then turns and descends through theannu'lar space between a and 11, land passes into the space betweenm andn. Itis then guided "by the y partitions `c to .the

. `open end ot' theoutertube, marked b1, in Fig. In my drawing, Figure 1 represents a Alateral Fig. 2 represents a vertical cross-section, made in I a line at right Vangles tothe section in Fig. 1

4. It passes `upward throughlthis, and then down-ward through .the inner tube, marked al, 'in the same lgure. It passes from this center tube `into lthe space between the partitions n .and o, Fig. 3, and is guided by the partitions p to the openend of the inner tube, marked a2, Fig. 3; thence to the outer tube, 4.marked t2; thence :by the partitions to :the outer t-ube b3; then downward Vthrough 4the iepen` end` of .a into the lower space, so jto the `innertu-'be a, and so on tillit nally reaches `thetlrbes its and a8, and in its passage it has evidently crossed this arrangement of the apparatus eight times. l

The upper ends of the outer tubes b are vclosed ,by screw-plugs e. It is now obvious that the steam, in passing from B to A, must pass in succession through each inner tube and between each. inner tube and each outer .culating medium passes thus in succession through the inner and outer tubes is that these inner tubes and outer tubes are, by the parti-- tions, arranged in pairs, each pair of inner or outer tubes being separated from the next by a dividing-partition. 0

It is evident, also, that the upper and lower partitions are alternate, and it is likewise plain that a medium circulating through this apparatus is brought into contact with the entire radiating or absorbing surface, owing to the fact that it is obliged to traverse the annular space between the inner and the outer tubes.

Figs. 5, 6, and 7 yrepresent a similar contrivance, in which the steam enters four tubes simultaneously. The -steam entering by the tube A passes first through the inner tubes a a a a, Fig. 7, and is prevented by the partition w, Fig. 6, from escaping laterally; then it Apasses downward through the outer tubes b` b b b into the space marked s, Fig. 5, where it is confined by the partition y; then through the next four outer tubes, marked '111, Fig. 5; then through the inner tubes al into the space s', where it is confined by the partitions w; then through the inner tubes a2; ,then through the outer tubes b2, till finally it escapes through theinner tubes a8 of the pipe B.

It is obvious that this contrivance is useful for other purposes besides as a heat-radiator, and I have found it very valuable both as a superheater and boiler.

Fig. 8 represents a general view of my apparatus used as a superheater, in which F represents the fire-box; P, the tubes of a tubular boiler; M, my apparatus, used as a superheater; and W the uptake.

rI he steam after it has been made in the boiler passes through my superheater M, and

escapes by the-pipe B, and in its passage p through this arrangement is, of course, thor-` oughly dried and superheated.

Fig. 9 shows my apparatus used as a boiler. This contrivance will make steam very readily, and contains but a small quantity of water, and is therefore very useful for yachtboilers and similar contrivances. F represents the fire-box; M, my apparatus generally; G, grate bars, and W the uptake. Water is forced in at the tube A, and escapes as steam from one of the upper tubes at B. Only so much water is forced into the boiler as it is desired to convert into steam. This boiler is laid horizontal to prevent accumulation in the ends of the tubes.

What l claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination of a series of inner and outer tubes and partitions, substantially as described, whereby a -circulating .medium is forced to traverse in succession the inner and the outer tubes, as distinguished from an apparatus in which the circulating medium traverses, first, all the inner tubes, and then all the outer tubes.

2. The combination of a seriesof double tubes with the horizontal partitions m, n, and

.0, and the vertical partitions o, substantially as described.

3. The com bination ofthe double tubes with the horizontal partitions m, a, and o, and the vertical partitions p and o, substantially as described. i

4. The combination of two or more double tubes with a series of dividing-partitions, substantially as described, whereby the circulating fiuid passes rst through two inner tubes, then through an outer tube, and then through an inner tube, or vice versa.

5. The combination of a compound series of double tubes with a set of dividing-partitions arranged in the same base, substantially as described, wherebyr the circulating medium in its passage through the apparatus is forced to traverse first a set of outer tubes,theu a set of' inner tubes, or vice versa, as distinguishedfroma circulating apparatus in which the circulating medium traverses rst all the inner and then all the outer tubes, or vice versa.

6. A steam boiler or superheaterY consisting of a series of concentric inner and outer tubes and partitions, substantially as described, whereby the circulating medium is forced to traverse in succession each inner and each outer tube, as distinguishedA from an apparatus in which the circulating medium traverses first all the inner and then all the outer tubes.

7. A steam boiler or superheater, consisting of a series of sets of concentric inner and outer tubes and dividing-partitions, substantially as described, whereby the circulating medium is forced to traverse in succession each set of inner and each set of outer tubes, as distinguished from an apparatus in which the circulating medium traverses first -all the inner and then all the outer tubes.

THOS. F. RO WLAND.

Witnesses T. H. HARRAH, WM. J. SAWYER. 

